Magnolia soulangeana - flori mari, parfumate D19

Magnolia x soulangeana, also known as "tulip magnolia" or "saucer magnolia," is a hybrid ornamental shrub or tree from the Magnoliaceae family, renowned for its large, striking flowers and elegant appearance. This hybrid, resulting from the crossing of Magnolia denudata and Magnolia liliiflora, is one of the most popular magnolias grown in gardens due to its dramatic blooming and adaptability.

Flower Appearance

• Shape: The flowers are large, cup- or tulip-shaped, with fleshy petals arranged in layers, measuring 10-20 cm in diameter. They open fully into a plate shape (hence the name "saucer magnolia").
• Colour: Ranges in shades of pure white, pale pink, and deep purple, with the inside of the petals often lighter and the outside more coloured, creating a two-tone effect. Some varieties (e.g., 'Lennei') have darker purple shades.
• Scent: Emits a delicate, floral fragrance, sometimes with citrus notes, adding extra charm to the garden.
• Blooming period: Blooms in early spring, in March-April, before the leaves appear, offering an impressive visual display. The flowering lasts 2-3 weeks but can be affected by late frosts.

Growth Characteristics

• Height: Grows as a large shrub or small tree, reaching 4-8 meters tall and 4-6 meters wide, with a rounded or spreading crown.
• Foliage: Leaves are oval, dark green, 10-15 cm long, with a glossy texture. They fall in autumn, sometimes turning yellow first.
• Vigour: Has moderate growth, forming a branched structure, often with low branches that give a picturesque look.

Growing Conditions

• Exposure: Prefers full sun or light partial shade, with protection from strong winds that can damage the flowers.
• Soil: Requires fertile, well-drained soil, with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5-7). Clay or loamy soils rich in organic matter are ideal.
• Watering: Needs regular watering, especially in the first years and during dry spells, but does not tolerate waterlogged soil.
• Pruning: Minimal pruning is done after flowering (April-May) to remove dead branches or shape the plant. Heavy pruning can reduce future flowering.

Care and Hardiness

• Hardiness: Tolerates temperatures down to -20°C to -25°C (USDA zones 4-9), but flowers are sensitive to late spring frosts, which can brown the petals. In colder climates, planting in a sheltered spot is recommended.
• Fertilising: A balanced fertiliser applied in spring supports growth and flowering. Avoid excess nitrogen, which promotes leaf growth at the expense of flowers.
• Pests and diseases: May be affected by aphids, scale insects, or powdery mildew, but is generally hardy if well ventilated and not overwatered.

Magnolia x soulangeana is ideal as a solitary plant in gardens, lawns, or parks, where its flowers can be admired in full splendour. It also suits small groups or as a backdrop for other perennials. It pairs well with azaleas, rhododendrons, or dwarf conifers, creating a harmonious landscape. Due to its size, it is suitable for medium to large spaces.

Origin

Magnolia x soulangeana was created in 1820 by Étienne Soulange-Bodin, a French cavalry officer and gardener, at his castle in Fromont, France. The hybrid resulted from crossing Magnolia denudata (native to China, with white flowers) and Magnolia liliiflora (also from China, with purple flowers). Introduced into horticulture in the 19th century, it quickly became popular in Europe and North America due to its impressive flowers and adaptability. Over time, many cultivars have been developed (e.g., 'Alba', 'Lennei', 'Rustica Rubra'), each with variations in colour and size.