Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' (Artar japonez rosu)

Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' , also known as the 'Purple Japanese Maple', is an iconic cultivar of the species Acer palmatum in the Sapindaceae family. This deciduous shrub or small tree is renowned for its deep purple foliage, which provides dramatic contrast in gardens. Native to Japan, 'Atropurpureum' is a popular choice for ornamental landscapes, Japanese gardens and bonsai due to its vibrant colours and elegant form.

Appearance of leaves, flowers and fruits

• Leaves : The leaves are palmate, with 5-7 thin lobes, a deep purple-red in spring, which can vary to a darker purple or bronze in summer, depending on sun exposure. In autumn, the leaves turn to spectacular shades of bright red or purple-crimson , creating an impressive visual effect. The leaves are medium in size, 5-8 cm, with finely serrated edges, giving a delicate appearance.
• Flowers : The flowers are small, purple, grouped in discrete clusters, appearing in April-May . They are ornamentally insignificant, but attract pollinators such as bees.
• Fruits : The fruits are double samaras, initially reddish, turning brown at maturity, 1-2 cm long. They appear in summer, but do not contribute significantly to the aesthetics of the plant.

Growth characteristics

• Height and width : Grows as a shrub or small tree, reaching 4-6 meters tall and 4-5 meters wide in natural conditions, with a rounded, arching crown. Slow growth makes it suitable for medium gardens.
• Vigor : It has slow to moderate growth, with fine but robust branches, and a graceful habit.
• Type : It is a deciduous shrub/tree, with a branching structure that accentuates the colorful foliage.

Growing conditions

• Exposure : Prefers partial shade or filtered sun , ideally under sparsely canopyed trees or near an east-facing wall. Full sun intensifies the purple color but may burn the leaves in hot climates. Dense shade may result in greener foliage.
• Soil : Requires fertile, well-drained soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5-7). A mixture of garden soil, compost and peat is ideal. Does not tolerate waterlogged or chalky soils.
• Watering : Needs regular watering, keeping the soil consistently moist but not flooded. A layer of organic mulch (e.g. bark) helps retain moisture.
• Pollination : Flowers attract pollinators, but fruits are not relevant for ornamental value.

Care and resistance

• Hardiness : It is hardy to -20°C (zones 5-8), making it suitable for temperate climates, including Romania. Young leaves may be affected by late frosts, and branches may require protection in harsh winters.
• Fertilization : Apply a balanced fertilizer (e.g. 10-10-10) in early spring to stimulate growth. Avoid excess nitrogen, which can reduce the intensity of the purple color.
• Pruning : Prune minimally in January-February to remove dead or crossing branches and maintain shape. Severe pruning can affect the natural appearance.
• Pests and Diseases : May be affected by mites, aphids, or verticillium wilt. The purple foliage is susceptible to sunburn in extreme conditions. Good ventilation and drainage prevent problems.
• Fauna : The flowers attract bees, and the berries can be eaten by small birds.

Use

Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' is ideal for Japanese gardens , cottage gardens or as a solitary plant in medium gardens. The purple foliage creates a dramatic contrast with plants such as hostas, ferns or white roses. It can be grown in containers on patios, but requires protection from wind and cold. It is perfect for adding depth and colour to ornamental landscapes.

Origin

Acer palmatum is native to Japan, Korea, and China , where it grows in temperate forests. The cultivar 'Atropurpureum' was selected in Japan for its deep purple foliage, making it one of the oldest and most widely cultivated varieties of Japanese maple. Its global popularity is due to its distinctive color and versatility in landscape design.

The possibility of turning Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' into bonsai

Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' is an excellent choice for bonsai due to its medium-sized leaves, dramatic purple color, and slow growth, which makes it easy to shape.

Height with pot included approx. 30 cm

The shade of the leaves varies depending on the growing conditions.

⚠️ Disclaimer: Acer palmatum leaves are delicate and may show minor imperfections (marginal burns, spots or tears) especially after transport or during periods of excessive heat. These aspects do not affect the health of the plant, which regenerates its foliage in subsequent vegetation cycles.