Acer palmatum 'Royal Garnet' (artar japonez)

Acer palmatum 'Royal Garnet' , also known as the 'Royal Garnet Japanese Maple', is a cultivar of the species Acer palmatum in the Sapindaceae family. This deciduous shrub or small tree is prized for its deep purple-red foliage, which changes to spectacular colors throughout the seasons, and for its elegant form. Originally from Japan, 'Royal Garnet' is an excellent choice for ornamental gardens, Japanese landscapes, and bonsai, due to its vibrant colors and relatively compact stature.

Appearance of leaves, flowers and fruits

• Leaves : The leaves are palmate, with 5-7 thin lobes, a deep red-purple in spring, with a rich, garnet-like hue that remains vibrant throughout the summer. In autumn, the leaves turn to intense shades of crimson-red or bright purple , creating a dramatic visual spectacle. The leaves are medium-sized, 5-7 cm, with finely serrated edges, giving a delicate and textured appearance.
• Flowers : The flowers are small, purple, grouped in discrete clusters, appearing in April-May . They are ornamentally insignificant, but attract pollinators such as bees.
• Fruits : The fruits are double samaras, initially reddish, turning brown at maturity, 1-2 cm long. They appear in summer, but do not contribute significantly to the aesthetics of the plant.

Growth characteristics

• Height and width : It grows as a shrub or small tree, reaching 3-5 meters tall and 3-4 meters wide in natural conditions, with a rounded, slightly arched crown. Its moderate growth makes it suitable for medium gardens.
• Vigor : It has slow to moderate growth, with fine but resistant branches, and a graceful habit.
• Type : It is a deciduous shrub/tree, with a branched structure that highlights the colorful foliage.

Growing conditions

• Exposure : Prefers partial shade or filtered sun , ideally under sparsely canopyed trees or near an east-facing wall. Full sun can intensify the red color, but risks burning the leaves in hot climates. Dense shade can result in less vibrant foliage.
• Soil : Requires fertile, well-drained soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5-7). A mixture of garden soil, compost and peat is ideal. Does not tolerate waterlogged or chalky soils.
• Watering : Needs regular watering, keeping the soil consistently moist but not flooded. A layer of organic mulch (e.g. bark) helps retain moisture.
• Pollination : Flowers attract pollinators, but fruits are not relevant for ornamental value.

Care and resistance

• Hardiness : It is hardy to -20°C (zones 5-8), making it suitable for temperate climates, including Romania. Young leaves may be affected by late frosts, and branches may require protection in harsh winters.
• Fertilization : Apply a balanced fertilizer (e.g. 10-10-10) in early spring to stimulate growth. Avoid excess nitrogen, which can reduce the intensity of the red color.
• Pruning : Prune minimally in January-February to remove dead or crossing branches and maintain shape. Severe pruning can affect the natural appearance.
• Pests and Diseases : May be affected by mites, aphids, or verticillium wilt. The red foliage is susceptible to sunburn in extreme conditions. Good ventilation and drainage prevent problems.
• Fauna : The flowers attract bees, and the berries can be eaten by small birds.

Use

Acer palmatum 'Royal Garnet' is ideal for Japanese gardens , cottage gardens or as a solitary plant in medium gardens. The red-purple foliage creates a dramatic contrast with plants such as hostas, ferns or white roses. It can be grown in containers on patios, but requires protection from wind and cold. It is perfect for adding depth and color to ornamental landscapes.

Origin

Acer palmatum is native to Japan, Korea, and China , where it grows in temperate forests. The cultivar 'Royal Garnet' was selected for its deep red foliage and elegant stature, making it a relatively new variety in ornamental horticulture. Its name reflects the rich, garnet-like color and regal appearance.

The possibility of turning Acer palmatum 'Royal Garnet' into bonsai

Acer palmatum 'Royal Garnet ' is an excellent choice for bonsai due to its medium-sized leaves, dramatic red-purple color, and moderate growth, which makes it easy to shape.

Height with pot included: approx. 30 cm

The shade of the leaves varies depending on the season and growing conditions.

⚠️ Disclaimer: Acer palmatum leaves are delicate and may show minor imperfections (marginal burns, spots or tears) especially after transport or during periods of excessive heat. These aspects do not affect the health of the plant, which regenerates its foliage in subsequent vegetation cycles.