Hibiscus syriacus 'Pink Giant' - hibiscus de gradina

Hibiscus syriacus 'Red Heart' , also known as the 'Rose of Sharon Red Heart' or 'red-heart hibiscus', is a cultivar of the species Hibiscus syriacus in the family Malvaceae. This deciduous shrub, native to East Asia (China, Japan, Korea), is prized for its large, white flowers with a deep red center, and for its extended bloom from summer to fall. 'Red Heart' is a popular choice for gardens due to its dramatic floral contrast and hardiness, making it ideal for borders, hedges or as a solitary plant.

Appearance of leaves, flowers and fruits

• Leaves : The leaves are deciduous, dark green , ovate or trilobed, with serrated edges, 5-10 cm long. They appear late, in May , and have a palmate-veined texture. In autumn, the leaves may turn yellowish before falling, but do not offer a significant color show.
• Flowers : The flowers are large, 8–10 cm in diameter, trumpet-shaped, with 5 petals. The color is pure white , with a distinctive crimson-red spot in the center, which radiates slightly towards the petals, creating a "red heart" effect. They bloom from July to September , sometimes into October, each flower lasting one day, but being constantly replaced by new buds. The flowers have a faint fragrance and attract pollinators such as bees, butterflies and hummingbirds.
• Fruits : Produces dehiscent, green or brown, 1-2 cm capsules that persist into winter. These are non-ornamental and contain seeds that can germinate easily, giving the plant a slightly invasive character in some regions.

Growth characteristics

• Height and width : It grows as an erect shrub, reaching 2-3 meters tall and 1.5-2 meters wide in 10-20 years. It has a vasiform habit, with long, thin branches that arch under the weight of the flowers.
• Vigor : Growth is moderate, with dense branching if pruned regularly. Flowers appear on new wood, making annual pruning beneficial.
• Type : It is a deciduous, hardy shrub with a branching structure that can be shaped into various forms, including hedges or trees.

Growing conditions

• Exposure : Prefers full sun for abundant flowering, but tolerates partial shade , with a reduction in flower numbers. A sunny position, protected from strong winds, maximizes the floral display.
• Soil : Grows well in fertile, well-drained , consistently moist, slightly acidic to alkaline (pH 5.5-8) soils. Tolerates poor soils, but prefers a mix of compost or well-rotted manure. For pots, soil-based compost is recommended.
• Watering : Requires regular watering, especially in the first year, to keep the soil moist but not soggy. Once established, tolerates moderate drought.
• Pollination : Simple flowers are very attractive to pollinators such as bees and butterflies, contributing to the biodiversity of the garden.

Care and resistance

• Hardiness : It is cold-hardy, withstanding temperatures down to -15°C to -20°C (zones 5-9), making it suitable for temperate climates, including Romania. Young leaves may be affected by late frosts, and in severe winters, mulching the base is recommended.
• Fertilization : Apply a balanced fertilizer (e.g. 10-10-10) in spring and summer to encourage flowering. Benefit from regular fertilization during the growing season.
• Pruning : Prune in February-March to encourage flowering on new wood, keeping 2-3 buds on the previous year's branches. Pruning helps maintain a compact, dense shape. Remove dead or damaged branches in spring.
• Pests and Diseases : May be affected by aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, or Japanese beetles. Diseases include leaf spots, rust, or mildew, especially in humid conditions. Good ventilation and avoiding wetting the leaves will reduce the risks.
• Propagation : Propagate by branch cuttings taken in summer, layering or seeds , although seeds can produce variable plants. Cuttings are the most reliable method for preserving cultivar characteristics.
• Toxicity : It is non-toxic to humans and animals, and the flowers are edible, being used in some cultures for teas or decoration.

Use

Hibiscus syriacus 'Red Heart' is ideal for mixed borders , hedges , privacy screens or as a solitary plant in gardens. The white flowers with red centres add dramatic contrast, making it perfect for cottage gardens, urban landscapes or modern gardens due to its pollution tolerance. It can be grown in containers on patios, making it suitable for small yards. It is excellent for attracting pollinators and creating a vibrant focal point in the garden.

Origin

Hibiscus syriacus is native to East Asia (China, India, Korea), but has been cultivated in Europe since the 16th century. The cultivar 'Red Heart' was selected for its white flowers with a deep red center, becoming one of the most popular varieties due to its visual contrast. Hibiscus syriacus is the national symbol of South Korea, known as "Mugunghwa" (eternal flower), and is mentioned in the country's anthem.

Height with pot included: approx. 30 cm