Acer palmatum 'Iyoshi' (Artar Japonez)

Acer palmatum 'Iyoshi' , also known as the 'Iyoshi Japanese Maple' (sometimes spelled 'Ijoshi' or 'Lyoshi' depending on the source), is a rare and attractive cultivar of the species Acer palmatum in the Sapindaceae family. This deciduous shrub is prized for its variegated foliage, which undergoes spectacular color transformations throughout the seasons, and for its compact size, making it ideal for small gardens, patios, and bonsai. Originally from Japan, 'Iyoshi' adds a delicate charm with its elegant foliage and artistic appearance.

Appearance of leaves, flowers and fruits

• Leaves : The leaves are palmate, with 5-7 deeply cut lobes, bright green in spring, variegated with creamy pink or creamy white edges, creating a charming contrast. In summer, the leaves turn green with white borders , maintaining the distinctive variegation. In autumn, the foliage turns a deep scarlet or purple red , providing a vibrant display. The leaves are medium in size, 4-7 cm, with finely serrated edges, giving a graceful appearance.
  
• Flowers : The flowers are small, purple, grouped in discrete clusters, appearing in April-May . They are ornamentally insignificant, but attract pollinators such as bees.
  
• Fruits : The fruits are double samaras, initially reddish, turning brown at maturity, 1-2 cm long. They appear in summer, but do not contribute significantly to the aesthetics of the plant.

Growth characteristics

• Height and width : It grows as a compact shrub, reaching a height of 2 meters and a width of 1.5-2.5 meters , with a rounded, slightly arched crown. Its slow growth makes it perfect for small spaces.
  
• Vigor : It has slow growth, with fine branches and a delicate structure, ideal for ornamental landscapes.
• Type : It is a deciduous shrub, with fine branching that highlights the variegated foliage.

Growing conditions

• Exposure : Prefers partial shade or filtered sun , ideally in a spot protected from strong winds and intense sun. Indirect light intensifies variegation, but full sun can burn the delicate leaves, especially the cream areas.
• Soil : Requires fertile, well-drained soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5-7). Loamy, sandy soils rich in organic matter are ideal. Does not tolerate waterlogged or calcareous soils.
  
• Watering : Needs regular watering, keeping the soil consistently moist but not flooded, especially during dry periods. A layer of organic mulch (e.g. bark) helps retain moisture.
  
• Pollination : Flowers attract pollinators, but fruits are not relevant for ornamental value.

Care and resistance

• Hardiness : It is hardy to -20°C (zones 5-8), making it suitable for temperate climates, including Romania. Young leaves may be affected by late frosts, requiring protection with a wintering cloth for young plants.
  
• Fertilization : Apply a balanced fertilizer (e.g. 10-10-10) in early spring to stimulate growth. Avoid excess nitrogen, which can reduce variegation.
  
• Pruning : Prune minimally in September-October or winter to remove dead or damaged branches. The elegant natural shape does not require extensive pruning.
  
• Pests and diseases : May be affected by mites, aphids or verticillium wilt. Variegated leaves are sensitive to sunburn or strong winds. Good ventilation and drainage prevent problems.
  
• Fauna : The flowers attract bees, and the berries can be eaten by small birds.

Use

Acer palmatum 'Iyoshi' is ideal for Japanese gardens , cottage gardens , containers on patios or as a solitary plant in small gardens. The variegated pink-cream and scarlet-red foliage adds contrast when combined with plants such as hosta, ferns or white roses. Due to its compact size, it is perfect for confined spaces or to fill gaps in mixed landscapes.

Origin

Acer palmatum is native to Japan, Korea, and China , where it grows in temperate forests. The cultivar 'Iyoshi' is a rare selection, developed in Japan for its variegated foliage and compact stature, and is less common in gardens than other varieties. It is considered a rare gem among Japanese maple collectors.

The possibility of turning Acer palmatum 'Iyoshi' into bonsai

Acer palmatum 'Iyoshi' is an excellent choice for bonsai due to its small leaves, attractive variegation, and slow growth, which makes it easy to shape.

Height with pot included approx. 30 cm