Acer palmatum 'Katsura' (artar japonez auriu)

Acer palmatum 'Katsura' , also known as the 'Katsura Japanese Maple', is a cultivar of the species Acer palmatum in the Sapindaceae family. This deciduous shrub or small tree is renowned for its vibrant foliage, which undergoes spectacular color transformations throughout the seasons, and for its compact, graceful form. Native to Japan, 'Katsura' is a popular choice for ornamental gardens, Japanese landscapes, and bonsai due to its bright colors and delicate appearance.

Appearance of leaves, flowers and fruits

• Leaves : The leaves are palmate, with 5-7 thin lobes, and are a bright yellow-orange color in spring, with reddish-pink edges, creating a fiery effect. In summer, the leaves become a bright lime green , and in autumn they turn into intense shades of orange, golden yellow and red , providing a vibrant visual spectacle. The leaves are small, 4-6 cm, with finely serrated edges, giving an airy and delicate appearance.
• Flowers : The flowers are small, purple, grouped in discrete clusters, appearing in April-May . They are ornamentally insignificant, but attract pollinators such as bees.
• Fruits : The fruits are double samaras, initially reddish, turning brown at maturity, 1-2 cm long. They appear in summer, but do not contribute significantly to the aesthetics of the plant.

Growth characteristics

• Height and width : It grows as a compact shrub, reaching 2-4 meters tall and 2-3 meters wide , with a rounded, arching crown. Its slow growth makes it ideal for small to medium gardens.
• Vigor : It has slow to moderate growth, with fine branches and a delicate structure, suitable for ornamental landscapes.
• Type : It is a deciduous shrub/tree, with fine branching that accentuates the colorful foliage.

Growing conditions

• Exposure : Prefers partial shade or filtered sun , ideally under sparsely-crowning trees or near an east-facing wall. Full sun can burn the delicate leaves, especially in spring, and dense shade reduces the intensity of the colors.
• Soil : Requires fertile, well-drained soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5-7). A mixture of garden soil, compost and peat is ideal. Does not tolerate waterlogged or chalky soils.
• Watering : Needs regular watering, keeping the soil consistently moist but not flooded. A layer of organic mulch (e.g. bark) helps retain moisture.
• Pollination : Flowers attract pollinators, but fruits are not relevant for ornamental value.

Care and resistance

• Hardiness : It is hardy to -20°C (zones 5-8), making it suitable for temperate climates, including Romania. Young leaves may be affected by late frosts, and the plant requires protection in harsh winters.
• Fertilization : Apply a balanced fertilizer (e.g. 10-10-10) in early spring to stimulate growth. Avoid excess nitrogen, which can affect seasonal colors.
• Pruning : Prune minimally in January-February to remove dead or crossing branches and maintain shape. Severe pruning can affect the natural appearance.
• Pests and diseases : May be affected by mites, aphids or verticillium wilt. The delicate leaves are susceptible to sunburn in extreme conditions. Good ventilation and drainage prevent problems.
• Fauna : The flowers attract bees, and the berries can be eaten by small birds.

Use

Acer palmatum 'Katsura' is ideal for Japanese gardens , cottage gardens or as a solitary plant in small gardens. Its colorful foliage combines beautifully with plants such as hostas, ferns or azaleas, creating vibrant contrasts. It can be grown in containers on patios, but requires protection from wind and cold. It is perfect for adding dynamism and color to ornamental landscapes.

Origin

Acer palmatum is native to Japan, Korea, and China , where it grows in temperate forests. The cultivar 'Katsura' was selected in Japan for its bright seasonal colors, especially the yellow-orange of spring, reminiscent of the Katsura River in Kyoto. It is one of the most prized varieties due to its showy color.

The possibility of turning Acer palmatum 'Katsura' into bonsai

Acer palmatum 'Katsura' is an excellent choice for bonsai due to its small leaves, spectacular seasonal colors, and slow growth, which makes it easy to shape and maintain.

Height with pot included: approx. 30 cm

The shade of the leaves varies depending on the season and growing conditions.

⚠️ Disclaimer: Acer palmatum leaves are delicate and may show minor imperfections (marginal burns, spots or tears) especially after transport or during periods of excessive heat. These aspects do not affect the health of the plant, which regenerates its foliage in subsequent vegetation cycles.